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KCa4.2

Family: Calcium-activated potassium channels

Contents:
Gene and Protein Information
Previous and Unofficial Names
Database Links
Ion Selectivity and Conductance
Voltage Dependence
Activators
Gating Inhibitors
Pore Blockers
Tissue Distribution
General Comments
References
Gene and Protein Information
Species TM P Loops AA Chromosomal Location Gene Symbol Gene Name Reference
Human 6 0 1138 1q31.3 KCNT2 potassium channel, subfamily T, member 2 5,17
Mouse 6 0 1142 1F Kcnt2 potassium channel, subfamily T, member 2 16-17
Rat 6 0 1142 13q13 Kcnt2 potassium channel, subfamily T, member 2 5,9
Previous and Unofficial Names
Slick
Slo2.1
KCNT2
KCa4.2
SLICK
SLO2.1
sodium and chloride activated ATP sensitive potassium channel
potassium channel subfamily T member 2
potassium channel, subfamily T, member 2
sequence like an intermediate conductance potassium channel subunit
sodium and chloride-activated ATP-sensitive potassium channel Slo2.1
sodium- and chloride-activated ATP-sensitive potassium channel
E330038N15Rik
Database Links
Ensembl ENSG00000162687 (Hs), ENSMUSG00000052726 (Mm), ENSRNOG00000013312 (Rn)
Entrez Gene 343450 (Hs), 240776 (Mm), 304827 (Rn)
GeneCards KCNT2 (Hs)
GenitoUrinary Development Molecular Anatomy Project Kcnt2 (Mm)
HomoloGene 16121 (Hs)
Human Protein Reference Database 11584 (Hs)
InterPro Q6UVM3 (Hs), Q6UVM4 (Rn)
KEGG Gene hsa:343450 (Hs), mmu:240776 (Mm), rno:304827 (Rn)
OMIM 610044 (Hs)
PharmGKB Gene PA38726 (Hs)
PhosphoSitePlus Q6UVM3 (Hs)
Protein Ontology (PRO) PRO:000002081 (Hs)
RefSeq Nucleotide NM_198503 (Hs), NM_001081027 (Mm), NM_198762 (Rn)
RefSeq Protein NP_940905 (Hs), NP_001074496 (Mm), NP_942057 (Rn)
TreeFam ENSG00000162687 (Hs), ENSMUSG00000052726 (Mm), ENSRNOG00000013312 (Rn)
UniGene Hs. 657046 (Hs)
UniProt Q6UVM3 (Hs), Q6UVM4 (Rn)
Wikipedia KCa4.2
Potassium channels
Search for 3D structures on the PDB
Search by keyword: Calcium-activated potassium channels KCa4.2 Search by accession number: Q6UVM4, Q6UVM3
Ion Selectivity and Conductance
Species:  Human
Rank order:  K+ [- pS] = K+ [- pS]
References:  2,15
Species:  Human
Single channel conductance (pS):  59 (80mM symmetric K+)
References:  15
Species:  Human
Single channel conductance (pS):  141.0 (130 mM symmetric K+)
References:  2
Voltage Dependence
  V0.5 (mV)  τ (msec)  Reference  Cell type  Species 
Activation  - - 2 CHO cells. Human
Inactivation  - -
Comments  Weak voltage-dependence
  V0.5 (mV)  τ (msec)  Reference  Cell type  Species 
Activation  -23.0 - 15 Xenopus laevis Oocytes Human
Inactivation  - - 15
Comments  Low intrinsic voltage-sensitivity
Activators
Key to terms and symbols Click column headers to sort
Ligand Sp. Affinity Units Concentration range (M) Holding voltage (mV) Reference
Cl- Rn - - 3x10-3 - 1.3x10-1 - 2
Na+ Rn - - 1x10-3 - 1x10-1 - 2
Activator Comments
Cytoplasmic Na+; 5-fold increase in NPo from 1-100mM Na+, with 30mM Cl- and Cytoplasmic Cl-; 5-fold increase in NPo from 3-130mM Cl-, with 5 mM Na+. [2]
Gating inhibitors
Key to terms and symbols View all chemical structures Click column headers to sort
Ligand Sp. Affinity Units Concentration range (M) Holding voltage (mV) Reference
ATP Rn - - 0x100 - 5x10-3 - 2
phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate Hs 7.92 pIC50 - - 15
View species-specific gating inhibitor tables
Pore Blockers
Key to terms and symbols View all chemical structures Click column headers to sort
Ligand Sp. Affinity Units Concentration range (M) Holding voltage (mV) Reference
tetraethylammonium Hs - - 7x10-2 - 1.5x10-1 - 15
quinidine Rn - - 1x10-3 - 2
Ba2+ Hs 3.0 pIC50 - - 2
View species-specific pore blocker tables
Tissue Distribution
Ubiquitous (brain, heart, skeletal muscle, kidney, testis, lung, liver)
Species:  Mouse
Technique:  RT-PCR
References:  19
Brain(olfactory bulb, supraoptic nucleus, hippocampus, somatosensory and visual cortex, thalamus, deep cerebellar nucleus, ocularmotor nucleus, auditory nuclei) Neuronal immunohistochemical staining observed in cell bodies and axonal tracts. Immunohistochemical staining corroborated by in situ hybridizations.
Species:  Rat
Technique:  Immunohistochemistry
References:  3
Brain, heart (weak)
Species:  Rat
Technique:  Northern Blot
References:  2
General Comments
KCNT1 and KCNT2 likely encode native KNa channels ([1],[6],[19]). Native KNa channels were first recorded from guinea pig cardiac myocytes ([11]), then later found widely in neurons in the vertebrate central nervous system ([7],[8],[10],[12],[13],[14],[18]) and dorsal root ganglia ([4]). KNa channels have been proposed to protect against hypoxic insult ([11]), but this and other possible functions remain to be clearly established. Interestingly, C. elegans slo-2 loss-of-function mutants are hypersensitive to hypoxic death ([19]).

REFERENCES

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1. Anderson, NJ; Slough, S; Watson, WP. (2006) In vivo characterisation of the small-conductance KCa (SK) channel activator 1-ethyl-2-benzimidazolinone (1-EBIO) as a potential anticonvulsant. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 546 (1-3): 48-53. [PMID:16925994]

2. Bhattacharjee, A; Joiner, WJ; Wu, M; Yang, Y; Sigworth, FJ; Kaczmarek, LK. (2003) Slick (Slo2.1), a rapidly-gating sodium-activated potassium channel inhibited by ATP. J. Neurosci., 23 (37): 11681-91. [PMID:14684870]

3. Bhattacharjee, A; von Hehn, CA; Mei, X; Kaczmarek, LK. (2005) Localization of the Na+-activated K+ channel Slick in the rat central nervous system. J. Comp. Neurol., 484 (1): 80-92. [PMID:15717307]

4. Bischoff, U; Vogel, W; Safronov, BV. (1998) Na+-activated K+ channels in small dorsal root ganglion neurones of rat. J. Physiol. (Lond.), 510 ( Pt 3): 743-54. [PMID:9660890]

5. Chen, Y; Yu, FH; Surmeier, DJ; Scheuer, T; Catterall, WA. (2006) Neuromodulation of Na+ channel slow inactivation via cAMP-dependent protein kinase and protein kinase C. Neuron, 49 (3): 409-20. [PMID:16446144]

6. Dryer, SE. (2003) Molecular identification of the Na+-activated K+ channel. Neuron, 37 (5): 727-8. [PMID:12628162]

7. Egan, TM; Dagan, D; Kupper, J; Levitan, IB. (1992) Na(+)-activated K+ channels are widely distributed in rat CNS and in Xenopus oocytes. Brain Res., 584 (1-2): 319-21. [PMID:1515948]

8. Egan, TM; Dagan, D; Kupper, J; Levitan, IB. (1992) Properties and rundown of sodium-activated potassium channels in rat olfactory bulb neurons. J. Neurosci., 12 (5): 1964-76. [PMID:1578280]

9. Gibbs, RA; Weinstock, GM; Metzker, ML; Muzny, DM; Sodergren, EJ; Scherer, S; Scott, G; Steffen, D; Worley, KC; Burch, PE; Okwuonu, G; Hines, S; Lewis, L; DeRamo, C; Delgado, O; Dugan-Rocha, S; Miner, G; Morgan, M; Hawes, A; Gill, R; Celera, RA; Adams, MD; Amanatides, PG; Baden-Tillson, H; Barnstead, M; Chin, S; Evans, CA; Ferriera, S; Fosler, C; Glodek, A; Gu, Z; Jennings, D; Kraft, CL; Nguyen, T; Pfannkoch, CM; Sitter, C; Sutton, GG; Venter, JC; Woodage, T; Smith, D; Lee, HM; Gustafson, E; Cahill, P; Kana, A; Doucette-Stamm, L; Weinstock, K; Fechtel, K; Weiss, RB; Dunn, DM; Green, ED; Blakesley, RW; Bouffard, GG; De Jong, PJ; Osoegawa, K; Zhu, B; Marra, M; Schein, J; Bosdet, I; Fjell, C; Jones, S; Krzywinski, M; Mathewson, C; Siddiqui, A; Wye, N; McPherson, J; Zhao, S; Fraser, CM; Shetty, J; Shatsman, S; Geer, K; Chen, Y; Abramzon, S; Nierman, WC; Havlak, PH; Chen, R; Durbin, KJ; Egan, A; Ren, Y; Song, XZ; Li, B; Liu, Y; Qin, X; Cawley, S; Worley, KC; Cooney, AJ; D'Souza, LM; Martin, K; Wu, JQ; Gonzalez-Garay, ML; Jackson, AR; Kalafus, KJ; McLeod, MP; Milosavljevic, A; Virk, D; Volkov, A; Wheeler, DA; Zhang, Z; Bailey, JA; Eichler, EE; Tuzun, E; Birney, E; Mongin, E; Ureta-Vidal, A; Woodwark, C; Zdobnov, E; Bork, P; Suyama, M; Torrents, D; Alexandersson, M; Trask, BJ; Young, JM; Huang, H; Wang, H; Xing, H; Daniels, S; Gietzen, D; Schmidt, J; Stevens, K; Vitt, U; Wingrove, J; Camara, F; Mar Albà, M; Abril, JF; Guigo, R; Smit, A; Dubchak, I; Rubin, EM; Couronne, O; Poliakov, A; Hübner, N; Ganten, D; Goesele, C; Hummel, O; Kreitler, T; Lee, YA; Monti, J; Schulz, H; Zimdahl, H; Himmelbauer, H; Lehrach, H; Jacob, HJ; Bromberg, S; Gullings-Handley, J; Jensen-Seaman, MI; Kwitek, AE; Lazar, J; Pasko, D; Tonellato, PJ; Twigger, S; Ponting, CP; Duarte, JM; Rice, S; Goodstadt, L; Beatson, SA; Emes, RD; Winter, EE; Webber, C; Brandt, P; Nyakatura, G; Adetobi, M; Chiaromonte, F; Elnitski, L; Eswara, P; Hardison, RC; Hou, M; Kolbe, D; Makova, K; Miller, W; Nekrutenko, A; Riemer, C; Schwartz, S; Taylor, J; Yang, S; Zhang, Y; Lindpaintner, K; Andrews, TD; Caccamo, M; Clamp, M; Clarke, L; Curwen, V; Durbin, R; Eyras, E; Searle, SM; Cooper, GM; Batzoglou, S; Brudno, M; Sidow, A; Stone, EA; Venter, JC; Payseur, BA; Bourque, G; López-Otín, C; Puente, XS; Chakrabarti, K; Chatterji, S; Dewey, C; Pachter, L; Bray, N; Yap, VB; Caspi, A; Tesler, G; Pevzner, PA; Haussler, D; Roskin, KM; Baertsch, R; Clawson, H; Furey, TS; Hinrichs, AS; Karolchik, D; Kent, WJ; Rosenbloom, KR; Trumbower, H; Weirauch, M; Cooper, DN; Stenson, PD; Ma, B; Brent, M; Arumugam, M; Shteynberg, D; Copley, RR; Taylor, MS; Riethman, H; Mudunuri, U; Peterson, J; Guyer, M; Felsenfeld, A; Old, S; Mockrin, S; Collins, F. (2004) Genome sequence of the Brown Norway rat yields insights into mammalian evolution. Nature, 428 (6982): 493-521. [PMID:15057822]

10. Hess, D; Nanou, E; El Manira, A. (2007) Characterization of Na+-activated K+ currents in larval lamprey spinal cord neurons. J. Neurophysiol., 97 (5): 3484-93. [PMID:17329626]

11. Kameyama, M; Kakei, M; Sato, R; Shibasaki, T; Matsuda, H; Irisawa, H. (1984) Intracellular Na+ activates a K+ channel in mammalian cardiac cells. Nature, 309 (5966): 354-6. [PMID:6328309]

12. Koh, DS; Jonas, P; Vogel, W. (1994) Na(+)-activated K+ channels localized in the nodal region of myelinated axons of Xenopus. J. Physiol. (Lond.), 479 ( Pt 2): 183-97. [PMID:7799220]

13. Nanou, E; El Manira, A. (2007) A postsynaptic negative feedback mediated by coupling between AMPA receptors and Na+-activated K+ channels in spinal cord neurones. Eur. J. Neurosci., 25 (2): 445-50. [PMID:17284185]

14. Safronov, BV; Vogel, W. (1996) Properties and functions of Na(+)-activated K+ channels in the soma of rat motoneurones. J. Physiol. (Lond.), 497 ( Pt 3): 727-34. [PMID:9003557]

15. Santi, CM; Ferreira, G; Yang, B; Gazula, VR; Butler, A; Wei, A; Kaczmarek, LK; Salkoff, L. (2006) Opposite regulation of Slick and Slack K+ channels by neuromodulators. J. Neurosci., 26 (19): 5059-68. [PMID:16687497]

16. Strausberg, R. L., Feingold, E. A., Grouse, L. H., Derge, J. G. et al.. (2002) Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 99: 16899-16903. [PMID:12477932]

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18. Yang, B; Desai, R; Kaczmarek, LK. (2007) Slack and Slick K(Na) channels regulate the accuracy of timing of auditory neurons. J. Neurosci., 27 (10): 2617-27. [PMID:17344399]

19. Yuan, A; Santi, CM; Wei, A; Wang, ZW; Pollak, K; Nonet, M; Kaczmarek, L; Crowder, CM; Salkoff, L. (2003) The sodium-activated potassium channel is encoded by a member of the Slo gene family. Neuron, 37 (5): 765-73. [PMID:12628167]

To cite this database page, please use the following:

Richard Aldrich, K. George Chandy, Stephan Grissmer, George A. Gutman, Aguan D. Wei, Heike Wulff.
Calcium-activated potassium channels: KCa4.2. Last modified on 12/05/2011. Accessed on 20/05/2013. IUPHAR database (IUPHAR-DB), http://www.iuphar-db.org/DATABASE/ObjectDisplayForward?objectId=386.


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