IUPHAR DATABASE | Glucagon receptor family

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GHRH receptor

Family: Glucagon receptor family

Contents:

Gene and Protein Information

Previous and Unofficial Names

Database Links

Agonists

Antagonists

Transduction Mechanisms

Tissue Distribution

Expression Datasets

Functional Assays

Physiological Functions

Phenotypes, Alleles and Disease Models

Clinically-Relevant Mutations and Pathophysiology

Biologically Significant Variants

References

Gene and Protein Information
class B G protein-coupled receptor
Species	TM	AA	Chromosomal Location	Gene Symbol	Gene Name	Reference
Human	7	423	7p14	GHRHR	growth hormone releasing hormone receptor	9,18
Mouse	7	423	6 B3	Ghrhr	growth hormone releasing hormone receptor	16,19
Rat	7	464	4q24	Ghrhr	growth hormone releasing hormone receptor	16

Previous and Unofficial Names
GHRF
GRF
GRH
GHRHREC
GRF receptor
GRFR
growth hormone releasing hormone receptor
growth hormone-releasing factor receptor
growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor
Ghrfr
lit
Growth hormone-releasing receptor

Previous and Unofficial Names

GHRF

GRF

GRH

GHRHREC

GRF receptor

GRFR

growth hormone releasing hormone receptor

growth hormone-releasing factor receptor

growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor

Ghrfr

lit

Growth hormone-releasing receptor

Database Links
ChEMBL Target	158 (Hs), 10308 (Rn)
DrugBank Target	689 (Hs)
Ensembl	ENSG00000106128 (Hs), ENSMUSG00000004654 (Mm), ENSRNOG00000011808 (Rn)
Entrez Gene	2692 (Hs), 14602 (Mm), 25321 (Rn)
GeneCards	GHRHR (Hs)
GenitoUrinary Development Molecular Anatomy Project	Ghrhr (Mm)
HomoloGene	640 (Hs)
Human Protein Reference Database	00748 (Hs)
InterPro	Q02643 (Hs), P32082 (Mm), Q02644 (Rn)
KEGG Gene	hsa:2692 (Hs), mmu:14602 (Mm), rno:25321 (Rn)
OMIM	139191 (Hs)
Orphanet Gene	ORPHA122097 (Hs)
PharmGKB Gene	PA28676 (Hs)
Protein Ontology (PRO)	PRO:000007972 (Hs)
RefSeq Nucleotide	NM_000823 (Hs), NM_001003685 (Mm), NM_012850 (Rn)
RefSeq Protein	NP_000814 (Hs), NP_001003685 (Mm), NP_036982 (Rn)
TreeFam	ENSG00000106128 (Hs), ENSMUSG00000004654 (Mm), ENSRNOG00000011808 (Rn)
UniGene Hs.	767 (Hs)
UniProt	Q02643 (Hs), P32082 (Mm), Q02644 (Rn)
Wikipedia	GHRH receptor
	Glucagon receptor family

Search for 3D structures on the PDB
Search by keyword: Glucagon receptor family GHRH receptor	Search by accession number: Q02644, Q02643, P32082

Natural/Endogenous Ligand(s)
GHRH {Sp: Human} , GHRH {Sp: Mouse} , GHRH {Sp: Rat}

Agonists

Key to terms and symbols

Click column headers to sort

Ligand	Sp.	Action	Affinity	Units	Reference
[¹²⁵I]GHRH (human)	Rn	Full agonist	7.6	pK_d	5
GHRH-(1-29)-NH₂ (rat)	Rn	Full agonist	9.1	pIC₅₀	8
GHRH-(1-29)-NH₂ (human)	Rn	Full agonist	8.2	pIC₅₀	8
GHRH-(1-29)-OH (human)	Rn	Full agonist	8.0	pIC₅₀	8

Antagonists

Key to terms and symbols

Click column headers to sort

Ligand	Sp.	Action	Affinity	Units	Reference
JV-1-37	Rn	Antagonist	10.4	pK_i	25
JV-1-40	Rn	Antagonist	10.4	pK_i	25
JV-1-41	Rn	Antagonist	10.4	pK_i	25
JV-1-42	Rn	Antagonist	10.4	pK_i	25
JV-1-43	Rn	Antagonist	10.4	pK_i	25
MZ-4-169	Rn	Antagonist	10.4	pK_i	27
MZ-4-243	Rn	Antagonist	10.4	pK_i	27
JV-1-10	Rn	Antagonist	10.3	pK_i	25
MZ-4-181	Rn	Antagonist	10.3	pK_i	27
JV-1-36	Rn	Antagonist	10.1 – 10.4	pK_i	22,25-26
JV-1-62	Rn	Antagonist	10.2	pK_i	26
JV-1-63	Rn	Antagonist	10.2	pK_i	26
MZ-5-156	Rn	Antagonist	10.2	pK_i	28
MZ-6-55	Rn	Antagonist	10.2	pK_i	25
JV-1-38	Rn	Antagonist	10.1	pK_i	22,25-26
JV-1-39	Rn	Antagonist	10.1	pK_i	25
MZ-4-71	Rn	Antagonist	9.9	pK_i	27-28
[Ac-Tyr¹, D-Arg²]GHRH-(1-29)-NH₂ (human)	Rn	Antagonist	8.3 – 8.5	pK_i	25-28
MZ-5-192	Rn	Antagonist	10.2	pIC₅₀	28
MZ-5-78	Rn	Antagonist	10.2	pIC₅₀	28

Primary Transduction Mechanisms
Transducer	Effector/Response
G_s family	Adenylate cyclase stimulation Calcium channel
References: 14

Tissue Distribution

Pituitary.

Species:	Rat
Technique:	Northern blotting.
References:	9

Henle's loop of the renal medulla, anterior pituitary.

Species:	Rat
Technique:	Northern blotting.
References:	4

Renal medulla, renal pelvis, pituitary >> heart, lung, duodenum, small intestine, spleen, adrenal gland, epididymis, skeletal muscle, cerebellum, thyroid gland, colon, renal cortex, ureter, hypothalamus, cerebral cortex, brainstem.

Species:	Rat
Technique:	RT-PCR and Southern blotting.
References:	17

Pituitary and kidney.

Species:	Rat
Technique:	in situ hybridisation and RNAse protection assay.
References:	23

Expression Datasets

Click here to show/hide data

Log average relative transcript abundance in mouse tissues measured by qPCR from Regard, J.B., Sato, I.T., and Coughlin, S.R. (2008). Anatomical profiling of G protein-coupled receptor expression. Cell, 135(3): 561-71. [PMID:18984166] [Raw data: website]

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Functional Assays

Measurement of cAMP in COS cells transfected with the human GHRH receptor.

Species:	Human
Tissue:	Transient transfected COS cells.
Response measured:	Stimulation of intracellular cAMP accumulation.
References:	9

Measuring the changes in membrane potential of GH-secreting adenoma cells upon receptor activation.

Species:	Human
Tissue:	GH-secreting adenoma cells.
Response measured:	Increase in Na²⁺ conductance.
References:	23

Measurement of changes in cAMP and GH release from rat pituitary cells when treated with GHRH receptor antagonists.

Species:	Rat
Tissue:	Superfused pituitary cells.
Response measured:	Inhibition of cAMP and GH release upon antagonist binding.
References:	13

Measurement of intracellular cAMP levels in GH3 cells.
Measurement of GH (growth hormone) and PRL (prolactin) secretion from GH3 cells.

Species:	Human
Tissue:	GH3 pituitary tumour cells.
Response measured:	Increase in intracellular cAMP and cAMP efflux. Increases in GH and PRL secretion.
References:	15

Physiological Functions

Stimulation of GH release.

Species:	Human
Tissue:	Pancreatic tumour.
References:	11,21

Stimulation of pituitary somatotroph cell proliferation.

Species:	Rat
Tissue:	Pituitary somatotroph cells.
References:	3

Stimulation of GH gene transcription.

Species:	Human
Tissue:	Pituitary cells.
References:	2,10

Phenotypes, Alleles and Disease Models

Mouse data from MGI

Click here to show/hide data

Allele	Composition & genetic background	Accession	Phenotype Id	Phenotype	Reference
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr	MGI:95710	MP:0003194	abnormal frequency of paradoxical sleep	PMID: 12388430
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr/J	MGI:95710	MP:0002078	abnormal glucose homeostasis	PMID: 15388648
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr	MGI:95710	MP:0001882	abnormal lactation	PMID: 1270792
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr	MGI:95710	MP:0005266	abnormal metabolism	PMID: 12537301
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr	MGI:95710	MP:0001731	abnormal postnatal growth	PMID: 12537301 978118
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr	MGI:95710	MP:0002113	abnormal skeleton development	PMID: 978118
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr	MGI:95710	MP:0001501	abnormal sleep pattern	PMID: 12388430
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr	MGI:95710	MP:0008322	abnormal somatotroph morphology	PMID: 6194978
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr	MGI:95710	MP:0008437	absent somatotroph secretory granules	PMID: 6194978
Ghrhr⁺\|Ghrhr^lit\|M14104Asr\|M14104Asr⁺	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr⁺,M14104Asr/M14104Asr⁺ C57BL/6J-Ghrhr M14104Asr	MGI:3819960 MGI:95710	MP:0001262	decreased body weight	PMID: 18063435
Ghrhr^lit\|M14104Asr\|M14104Asr⁺	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit,M14104Asr/M14104Asr⁺ C57BL/6J-Ghrhr M14104Asr	MGI:3819960 MGI:95710	MP:0001262	decreased body weight	PMID: 18063435
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr/J	MGI:95710	MP:0001262	decreased body weight	PMID: 15388648
Ghrhr^lit\|Prlr^tm1Cnp	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit,Prlr^tm1Cnp/Prlr^tm1Cnp involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6J	MGI:95710 MGI:97763	MP:0001262	decreased body weight	PMID: 15388648
Ghrhr^lit\|Prlr^tm1Cnp	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit,Prlr^tm1Cnp/Prlr^tm1Cnp involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6J	MGI:95710 MGI:97763	MP:0000063	decreased bone density	PMID: 15388648
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr	MGI:95710	MP:0004016	decreased bone mass	PMID: 12537301
Ghrhr⁺\|Ghrhr^lit\|M14104Asr\|M14104Asr⁺	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr⁺,M14104Asr/M14104Asr⁺ C57BL/6J-Ghrhr M14104Asr	MGI:3819960 MGI:95710	MP:0004016	decreased bone mass	PMID: 18063435
Ghrhr^lit\|M14104Asr\|M14104Asr⁺	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit,M14104Asr/M14104Asr⁺ C57BL/6J-Ghrhr M14104Asr	MGI:3819960 MGI:95710	MP:0004016	decreased bone mass	PMID: 18063435
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr/J	MGI:95710	MP:0005560	decreased circulating glucose level	PMID: 15388648
Ghrhr^lit\|Prlr^tm1Cnp	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit,Prlr^tm1Cnp/Prlr^tm1Cnp involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6J	MGI:95710 MGI:97763	MP:0005560	decreased circulating glucose level	PMID: 15388648
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr	MGI:95710	MP:0005120	decreased circulating growth hormone level	PMID: 7679139
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr/J	MGI:95710	MP:0004701	decreased circulating insulin-like growth factor I level	PMID: 15388648
Ghrhr^lit\|Prlr^tm1Cnp	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit,Prlr^tm1Cnp/Prlr^tm1Cnp involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6J	MGI:95710 MGI:97763	MP:0004701	decreased circulating insulin-like growth factor I level	PMID: 15388648
Ghrhr⁺\|Ghrhr^lit\|M14104Asr\|M14104Asr⁺	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr⁺,M14104Asr/M14104Asr⁺ C57BL/6J-Ghrhr M14104Asr	MGI:3819960 MGI:95710	MP:0008152	decreased diameter of femur	PMID: 18063435
Ghrhr^lit\|M14104Asr\|M14104Asr⁺	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit,M14104Asr/M14104Asr⁺ C57BL/6J-Ghrhr M14104Asr	MGI:3819960 MGI:95710	MP:0008152	decreased diameter of femur	PMID: 18063435
Ghrhr^lit\|Prlr^tm1Cnp	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit,Prlr^tm1Cnp/Prlr^tm1Cnp involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6J	MGI:95710 MGI:97763	MP:0003910	decreased eating behavior	PMID: 15388648
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr	MGI:95710	MP:0005136	decreased growth hormone level	PMID: 1270792
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr/J	MGI:95710	MP:0003961	decreased lean body mass	PMID: 15388648
Ghrhr^lit\|Prlr^tm1Cnp	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit,Prlr^tm1Cnp/Prlr^tm1Cnp involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6J	MGI:95710 MGI:97763	MP:0003961	decreased lean body mass	PMID: 15388648
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr	MGI:95710	MP:0005138	decreased prolactin level	PMID: 1270792
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr	MGI:95710	MP:0008329	decreased somatotroph cell number	PMID: 6194978
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr	MGI:95710	MP:0008417	decreased somatotroph cell size	PMID: 6194978
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr	MGI:95710	MP:0008436	decreased somatotroph secretory granule number	PMID: 6194978
Ghrhr^lit\|Prlr^tm1Cnp	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit,Prlr^tm1Cnp/Prlr^tm1Cnp involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6J	MGI:95710 MGI:97763	MP:0005293	impaired glucose tolerance	PMID: 15388648
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr/J	MGI:95710	MP:0000062	increased bone density	PMID: 15388648
Ghrhr⁺\|Ghrhr^lit\|M14104Asr\|M14104Asr⁺	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr⁺,M14104Asr/M14104Asr⁺ C57BL/6J-Ghrhr M14104Asr	MGI:3819960 MGI:95710	MP:0010120	increased bone mineral density	PMID: 18063435
Ghrhr^lit\|M14104Asr\|M14104Asr⁺	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit,M14104Asr/M14104Asr⁺ C57BL/6J-Ghrhr M14104Asr	MGI:3819960 MGI:95710	MP:0010120	increased bone mineral density	PMID: 18063435
Ghrhr^lit\|Prlr^tm1Cnp	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit,Prlr^tm1Cnp/Prlr^tm1Cnp involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6J	MGI:95710 MGI:97763	MP:0005559	increased circulating glucose level	PMID: 15388648
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr/J	MGI:95710	MP:0002079	increased circulating insulin level	PMID: 15388648
Ghrhr^lit\|Prlr^tm1Cnp	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit,Prlr^tm1Cnp/Prlr^tm1Cnp involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6J	MGI:95710 MGI:97763	MP:0002079	increased circulating insulin level	PMID: 15388648
Ghrhr^lit\|Prlr^tm1Cnp	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit,Prlr^tm1Cnp/Prlr^tm1Cnp involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6J	MGI:95710 MGI:97763	MP:0005669	increased circulating leptin level	PMID: 15388648
Ghrhr⁺\|Ghrhr^lit\|M14104Asr\|M14104Asr⁺	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr⁺,M14104Asr/M14104Asr⁺ C57BL/6J-Ghrhr M14104Asr	MGI:3819960 MGI:95710	MP:0008162	increased diameter of tibia	PMID: 18063435
Ghrhr^lit\|M14104Asr\|M14104Asr⁺	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit,M14104Asr/M14104Asr⁺ C57BL/6J-Ghrhr M14104Asr	MGI:3819960 MGI:95710	MP:0008162	increased diameter of tibia	PMID: 18063435
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr	MGI:95710	MP:0003212	increased susceptibility to age related obesity	PMID: 1270792
Ghrhr^lit\|Prlr^tm1Cnp	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit,Prlr^tm1Cnp/Prlr^tm1Cnp involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6J	MGI:95710 MGI:97763	MP:0003212	increased susceptibility to age related obesity	PMID: 15388648
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr	MGI:95710	MP:0010024	increased total body fat amount	PMID: 7679139
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr/J	MGI:95710	MP:0010024	increased total body fat amount	PMID: 15388648
Ghrhr^lit\|Prlr^tm1Cnp	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit,Prlr^tm1Cnp/Prlr^tm1Cnp involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6J	MGI:95710 MGI:97763	MP:0010024	increased total body fat amount	PMID: 15388648
Ghrhr^lit\|Prlr^tm1Cnp	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit,Prlr^tm1Cnp/Prlr^tm1Cnp involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6J	MGI:95710 MGI:97763	MP:0005331	insulin resistance	PMID: 15388648
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr	MGI:95710	MP:0001261	obese	PMID: 12537301
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr	MGI:95710	MP:0001732	postnatal growth retardation	PMID: 1270792
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr/J	MGI:95710	MP:0008489	postnatal slow weight gain	PMID: 15388648
Ghrhr^lit\|Prlr^tm1Cnp	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit,Prlr^tm1Cnp/Prlr^tm1Cnp involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6J	MGI:95710 MGI:97763	MP:0008489	postnatal slow weight gain	PMID: 15388648
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr	MGI:95710	MP:0008974	proportional dwarf	PMID: 978118
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr	MGI:95710	MP:0001922	reduced male fertility	PMID: 1270792
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr/J	MGI:95710	MP:0003109	short femur	PMID: 15388648
Ghrhr^lit\|Prlr^tm1Cnp	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit,Prlr^tm1Cnp/Prlr^tm1Cnp involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6J	MGI:95710 MGI:97763	MP:0003109	short femur	PMID: 15388648
Ghrhr^lit	Ghrhr^lit/Ghrhr^lit C57BL/6J-Ghrhr	MGI:95710	MP:0005361	small pituitary gland	PMID: 1270792

Clinically-Relevant Mutations and Pathophysiology

Disease:	Isolated growth hormone deficiency type IB
OMIM:	612781
Orphanet:	231671
References:

Mutations not determined

Biologically Significant Variants

The Ala¹⁷⁶ -> Val mutation was found in two male siblings born in Pakistan who exhibited no abnormalities apart from a short stature and delayed bone age.
Expression of this mutant receptor in CHO cells showed that the mutation disrupted the signalling pathways of the receptor and caused GHRH resistance.

Type:	Single nucleotide polymorphism.
Species:	Human
References:	7

An Ala -> Thr mutation has been found in human GH-secreting somatotrophinomas (however it is not a somatic mutation). Transfection studies have shown the receptor to have an increased sensitivity to GHRH, thought possible to have a role in tumorigenesis.

Type:	Single nucleotide polymorphism.
Species:	Human
References:	1

The rat receptor has a splice variant in which 41 amino acids from exon 11 are inserted into the third cytoplasmic domain. This variant binds GHRH but does not transduce a signal.

Type:	Splice variant.
Species:	Rat
References:	19

A splice variant of the human GHRH receptor has been found in the normal pituitary and pituitary tumours. It is also found to be truncated and unable to transmit GHRH signals.

Type:	Splice variants.
Species:	Human
References:	12,20,24

A splice variant has been found in rat pituitary cells. The splicing occurs at the carboxyl-terminal and retains the ability of the receptor to signal as normal.

Type:	Splice variants.
Species:	Rat
References:	29

A splice variant has been identified in human bone cancer cells It appears to mediate the antiproliferative effects of GHRH receptor antagonists in tumoral cells.

Type:	Splice variants.
Species:	Human
References:	6

REFERENCES

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1. Adams, E. F., Symowski, H., Buchfelder, M. and Poyner, D. R. (2000) A polymorphism in the growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone (GHRH) receptor gene is associated with elevated response to GHRH by human pituitary somatotrophinomas in vitro. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 275: 33-36. [PMID:10944436]

2. Barinaga, M. and Rosenfeld, M. G. (1983) Transcriptional regulation of growth hormone gene expression by growth hormone-releasing factor. Nature, 306: 84-85. [PMID:6415487]

3. Billestrup, N. and Vale, W. (1986) Growth hormone-releasing factor stimulates proliferation of somatotrophsin vitro. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 83: 6854-6857. [PMID:3018748]

4. Boisvert, C., Pare, C., Veyrat-Durebex, C., Robert, A., Dubuisson, S., Morel, G. and Gaudreau, P. (2002) Localization and regulation of a functional GHRH receptor in the rat renal medulla. Endocrinology, 143: 1475-1484. [PMID:11897706]

5. Boulanger, L; Girard, N; Strecko, J; Gaudreau, P. (2002) Characterization of a growth hormone-releasing hormone binding site in the rat renal medulla. Peptides, 23 (1): 43-50. [PMID:11814616]

6. Busto, R., Schally, A. V., Braczkowski, R., Plonowski, A., Krupa, M., Groot, K., Armatis, P. and Varga, J. L. (2002) Expression of mRNA for growth hormone-releasing hormone and splice variants of GHRH receptors in human malignant bone tumors. Regul Pept, 108: 47-53. [PMID:12220726]

7. Carakushansky, M., Whatmore, A. J., Clayton, P. E., Shalet, S. M., Gleeson, H. K., Price, D. A., Levine, M. A. and Salvatori, R. (2003) A new missense mutation in the growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor gene in familial isolated GH deficiency. Eur J Endocrinol, 148: 25-30. [PMID:12534354]

8. Gaudreau, P., Boulanger, L. and Abribat, T. (1992) Affinity of human growth hormone-releasing factor (1-29)NH2 analogues for GRF binding sites in rat adenopituitary. J Med Chem, 32: 1864-1869. [PMID:1534126]

9. Gaylinn, B. D. and Thorner, M. O. (1993) Molecular cloning and expression of a human anterior pituitary receptor for growth hormone-releasing hormone. Mol. Endocrinol., 7: 77-84. [PMID:7680413]

10. Gick, G. G. and Bancroft, C. (1984) Growth hormone-releasing factor regulates growth hormone mRNA in primary cultures of rat pituitary cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 81: 1553-1555. [PMID:6424119]

11. Guillemin, R. and Wehrenberg, W. B. (1982) Growth hormone-releasing factor from a human pancreatic tumor that caused acromegaly. Science, 218: 585-587. [PMID:6812220]

12. Hashimoto, K. and Kishimoto, T. (1995) Identification of alternatively spliced messenger ribonucleic acid encoding truncated growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor in human pituitary adenomas. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 80: 2933-2939. [PMID:7559877]

13. Horvath, J. E., Zarandi, M., Groot, K. and Schally, A. V. (1995) Effect of long-acting antagonists of growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone on GH and cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate release in superfused rat pituitary cells. Endocrinology, 136: 3849-3855. [PMID:7649091]

14. Kostic, T. S., Tomic, M., Andric, S. A. and Stojilkovic, S. S. (2002) Calcium-independent and cAMP-dependent modulation of soluble guanylyl cyclase activity by G protein-coupled receptors in pituitary cells. J Biol Chem, 277: 16412-16418. [PMID:11867632]

15. Kovacs, M., Schally, A. V., Lee, E. J., Busto, R., Armatis, P., Groot, K. and Varga, J. L. (2002) Inhibitory effects of antagonistic analogs of GHRH on GH3 pituitary cells overexpressing the human GHRH receptor. J Endocrinol, 175: 425-434. [PMID:12429040]

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To cite this database page, please use the following:

Dominique Bataille, Philippe Delagrange, Daniel J. Drucker, Burkhard Göke, Rebecca Hills, Kelly E. Mayo, Laurence J. Miller, Bernard Thorens.
Glucagon receptor family: GHRH receptor. Last modified on 30/01/2013. Accessed on 24/05/2013. IUPHAR database (IUPHAR-DB), http://www.iuphar-db.org/DATABASE/ObjectDisplayForward?objectId=247.

Glucagon receptor family
	Introduction
	Contributors
	References
	GHRH receptor
	GIP receptor
	GLP-1 receptor
	GLP-2 receptor
	glucagon receptor
	secretin receptor